The movement of the Indian plate into the Asian plate also makes this region seismically active, leading to earthquakes from time to time. Kangchenjunga, the world’s third highest peak at 8598 meters. [52], In Hinduism, the Himalayas have been personified as the king of all Mountain – "Giriraj Himavat", father of Ganga and Parvati (form of Adi Shakti Durga).[53]. The Himalayas, or Himalaya (/ˌhɪməˈleɪə, hɪˈmɑːləjə/), is a mountain range in Asia separating the plains of the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau. The Himalayas themselves stretch uninterruptedly for about 1,550 miles (2,500 km) from west to east between Nanga Parbat (26,660 feet [8,126 metres]), in the Pakistani-administered portion of the Kashmir region, and Namjagbarwa (Namcha Barwa) Peak (25,445 feet [7,756 metres]), in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China. [45][46][47] For the Hindus, the Himalayas are personified as Himavath, the father of the goddess Parvati. [56], The Himalayas are also a source of many minerals and precious stones. The Salween, Mekong, Yangtze and Yellow River all originate from parts of the Tibetan Plateau that are geologically distinct from the Himalaya mountains and are therefore not considered true Himalayan rivers. [48] Since so many people use medicinal plants as their only source of healing in the Himalayas, the plants are an important source of income. This leads to the Himalayas rising by about 5 mm per year, making them geologically active. In contemporary times the Himalayas have offered the greatest attraction and the greatest challenge to mountaineers throughout the world. They prevent frigid, dry winds from blowing south into the subcontinent, which keeps South Asia much warmer than corresponding temperate regions in the other continents. Map As a result, the main ridge of the Himalayas is not clearly defined, and mountain passes are not as significant for traversing the range as with other mountain ranges. Further west, the border with India follows the Sarda River and provides a trade route into China, where on the Tibetan plateau lies the high peak of Gurla Mandhata. The Himalayas include the highest mountains in the world, with more than 110 peaks rising to elevations of 24,000 feet (7,300 metres) or more above sea level. Combining this with knowledge gained from his own Himalayan explorations, he created a centralized repository of topographic information for the Indian Himalaya. The Himalayas is a mountain range found in Southeast Asia. Present knowledge of the continental arc", (1995) Geologists Find: An Earth Plate Is Breaking in Two, "Geochemistry of the Suspended Sediments of Circum-Himalayan Rivers and Weathering Budgets over the Last 50 Myrs", "Distribution, Feature and Variations of Glaciers in China", "Vanishing Himalayan Glaciers Threaten a Billion", "Examining the glacial lake dynamics in a warming climate and GLOF modelling in parts of Chandra basin, Himachal Pradesh, India", "Modelling Chorabari Lake outburst flood, Kedarnath, India", "Evaluating high-altitude Ramsar wetlands in the Sikkim Eastern Himalayas", "Spatio-temporal variation of land surface temperature and temperature lapse rate over mountainous Kashmir Himalaya", "Climate shift linked to rise of Himalayas, Tibetan Plateau", "Acceleration of ice loss across the Himalayas over the past 40 years", https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007%2F978-3-319-92288-1, "Highest Treeline in the Northern Hemisphere Found in Southern Tibet", "Ecological status and traditional knowledge of medicinal plants in Kedarnath Wildlife Sanctuary of Garhwal Himalaya, India", The Digital Himalaya research project at Cambridge and Yale, List of countries where Arabic is an official language, Lower Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests, Northwestern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows, Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt pine–oak forests, Western Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows, Western Himalayan subalpine conifer forests, Upper Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests, Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Parks, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Himalayas&oldid=1022971295, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Articles containing undetermined-language text, Wikidata value to be checked for Infobox mountain, Articles containing Sanskrit-language text, Articles with incomplete citations from April 2020, Articles containing Nepali (macrolanguage)-language text, Articles containing Standard Tibetan-language text, Articles containing Bengali-language text, Articles containing simplified Chinese-language text, Articles containing traditional Chinese-language text, Articles needing additional references from June 2017, All articles needing additional references, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. The Himalayas form a 1500-mile arc through northeastern Pakistan, northern India, southern Tibet, Nepal, Sikkim, and Bhutan.To the north is the high plateau of central Asia and to the south are the plains of central India. West to East) and "HP" = High point. Although the effect of this will not be known for many years, it potentially could mean disaster for the hundreds of millions of people who rely on the glaciers to feed the rivers during the dry seasons.[28][29][30]. This is a Landsat GeoCover 2000 satellite image map of the Himalaya mountain range - the longest and tallest mountain range on Earth. The Arakan Yoma highlands in Myanmar and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands in the Bay of Bengal were also formed as a result of this collision. The vegetation is sparse and stunted and the winters are severely cold. Plants from the forests have been used for millennia to treat conditions ranging from simple coughs to snake bites. For the genus of moths, see. For example, a bark extract from an abies pindrow tree is used to treat coughs and bronchitis. Owing to the mountains' latitude near the Tropic of Cancer, the permanent snow line is among the highest in the world at typically around 5,500 m (18,000 ft). Lower down the forests of the foothills are inhabited by several different primates, including the endangered Gee's golden langur and the Kashmir gray langur, with highly restricted ranges in the east and west of the Himalayas respectively. The Himalaya proper stretches from the Indus river in Pakistan, through India, Nepal, and Bhutan, and ends at the Bramaputra River in eastern India. The general location of the Himalayas mountain range (this map has the Hindu Kush in the Himalaya, not normally regarded as part of the core Himalayas). Kangchenjunga is the 3rd highest peak on earth at 8598 meters. Between those western and eastern extremities lie the two Himalayan countries of Nepal and Bhutan. This collision took place around 50 million years ago and continues to collide even today. [26] The higher regions of the Himalayas are snowbound throughout the year, in spite of their proximity to the tropics, and they form the sources of several large perennial rivers. This also include outlying subranges. Maps of India - India's No. [24] Its glaciers include the Gangotri and Yamunotri (Uttarakhand) and Khumbu glaciers (Mount Everest region), Langtang glacier (Langtang region) and Zemu (Sikkim). Its eastern anchor, Namcha Barwa, is just west of the great bend of the Yarlung Tsangpo River (upper stream of the Brahmaputra River). “One of the reasons very few hikers head to the Indian Himalaya is the absence of good, detailed hiking maps, compared to, say, Nepal or the European Alps,” he says. Region 1. The Himalayan range is made up of three parallel ranges often referred to as the Greater Himalayas, the Lesser Himalayas, and the Outer Himalayas. [57], "Himalaya" and "Imaus" redirect here. [35], The unique floral and faunal wealth of the Himalayas is undergoing structural and compositional changes due to climate change. [32][33] The mountain lakes are known to geographers as tarns if they are caused by glacial activity. For thousands of years the Himalayas have held a profound significance for the peoples of South Asia, as their literature, mythologies, and religions reflect. [51], Several places in the Himalayas are of religious significance in Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism. China administers some 14,000 square miles (36,000 square km) in the Ladakh region and has claimed territory at the eastern end of the Himalayas within the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh. The state is also home to the important pilgrimage destinations of Chaar Dhaam, with Gangotri, the source of holy river Ganga, Yamunotri, the source of river Yamuna, and the temples at Badrinath and Kedarnath. [54] Bhutan, Sikkim and Ladakh are also dotted with numerous monasteries. Everest in seconds, skate across icy lakes, chase yaks, discover bits of information, ride a jetpack, play traditional Himalayan instruments, and more. Lake Puma Yumco is one of the highest of the larger lakes at an elevation of 5,030 m (16,500 ft). Other endemic or near endemic herbivores include the Himalayan tahr, the takin, the Himalayan serow, and the Himalayan goral. This map was created by a user. By measuring the “echo” that returned after the radar waves bounced off the surface of the Earth, scientists were able to determine elevations. The rivers of the Himalayas drain into two large river systems: The northern slopes of Gyala Peri and the peaks beyond the Tsangpo, sometimes included in the Himalayas, drain into the Irrawaddy River, which originates in eastern Tibet and flows south through Myanmar to drain into the Andaman Sea. The critically endangered Himalayan subspecies of the brown bear is found sporadically across the range as is the Asian black bear. The Himalayas are drained by 19 major rivers, of which the Indus and the Brahmaputra are the largest, each having catchment basins in the mountains of about 100,000 square miles (260,000 square km) in extent. https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/where-are-the-himalayas.html [7][full citation needed], The name of the range derives from the Sanskrit Himālaya (हिमालय 'abode of the snow'), from himá (हिम 'snow') and ā-laya (आलय 'receptacle, dwelling'). There is no exact location of the Himalayas. The Himalayas form a 1500-mile arc through northeastern Pakistan, northern India, southern Tibet, Nepal, Sikkim, and Bhutan.To the north is the high plateau of central Asia and to the south are the plains of central India. Formerly, they were described in the singular as the Himalaya. The ranges, which form the northern border of the Indian subcontinent and an almost impassable barrier between it and the lands to the north, are part of a vast mountain belt that stretches halfway around the world from North Africa to the Pacific Ocean coast of Southeast Asia. Kunda Dixit / Nepali Times 5. The high mountains to the north of the Tsangpo including Gyala Peri, however, are also sometimes also included in the Himalayas. The Himalayas are located on the Tibetan plateau, north-west of the Indian terrain. Stunning views are what prompt many to go trekking, but the Himalayas is an incredibly diverse region culturally. [43], The Himalayan population belongs to distinct culturally isolated indigenous Himalayan population. In the far east of Nepal, the Himalayas rise to the Kangchenjunga massif on the border with India, the third highest mountain in the world, the most easterly 8,000 m (26,000 ft) summit and the highest point of India. The Himalayas, or Himalaya ; Sanskrit: himá (हिम 'snow') and ā-laya (आलय 'abode, receptacle, dwelling'), is a mountain range in South and East Asia separating the plains of the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau. The range has many of Earth's highest peaks, including the highest, Mount Everest, at the border between Nepal and China. Himalayas. The climate ranges from tropical at the base of the mountains to permanent ice and snow at the highest elevations. [38][39] The monsoon can seriously impact transport and cause major landslides. The Himalayas stretch across land controlled by India, Nepal, Bhutan, Pakistan, and China. [37], An acceleration of ice loss across the Himalayas over the past 40 years has been proven with satellite photos. Heavy rain arrives on the south-west monsoon in June and persists until September. Finally, some people place a great importance on jewellery. Though India, Nepal, and Bhutan have sovereignty over most of the Himalayas, Pakistan and China also occupy parts of them. The gorge splits the Himalayas into Western and Eastern sections both ecologically and orographically – the pass at the head of the Kali Gandaki the Kora La is the lowest point on the ridgeline between Everest and K2 (the highest peak of the Karakoram range in Pakistan). Omissions? By contrast, the highest peak outside Asia (A… The range has many of Earth's highest peaks, including the highest, Mount Everest (Nepal/China). [12] The Karakoram are generally considered separate from the Himalayas. Photograph: Ed Douglas. About Verne. [48] The only problem is that locals are rapidly clearing the forests on the Himalayas for wood, often illegally. The Himalayas, or Himalaya (/ˌhɪməˈleɪə, hɪˈmɑːləjə/); Sanskrit: IPA: [ɦɪmɐːləjɐː], himá (हिम 'snow') and ā-laya (आलय 'abode, temple, dwelling'), is a mountain range in South and East Asia separating the plains of the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau. The Himalayas consist of a series of parallel ranges that rise up from the Ganges River basin to the Tibetan plateau. The Himalayas is the world’s highest mountain massif. The eastern side of Kangchenjunga is in the Indian state of Sikkim. The Himalayas extend for over 2,400 km from the north southward, from the Tibetan Plateau to the Indus-Gangetic Plain; they are situated on the territory of India, Nepal, China, Pakistan and Bhutan. Hydrangea hirta is an example of floral species that can be found in this area. Finally, the Himalayas reach their western end in the dramatic 8000 m peak of Nanga Parbat, which rises over 8,000 m (26,000 ft) above the Indus valley and is the most westerly of the 8000 m summits. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. The range has many of Earth's highest peaks, including the highest, Mount Everest, at the border between Nepal and China. Himalayas The Himalayas is the northernmost region of Nepal.It includes eight of the world's ten highest peaks, including the world's tallest - Mount Everest.For the mountain range stretching across several countries of which this region is a part, see Himalayas. It is also known as Outer Himalayas. [23] The Himalayan range encompasses about 15,000 glaciers, which store about 12,000 km3 (2,900 cu mi) of fresh water. The Himalayas consist of parallel mountain ranges: the Sivalik Hills on the south; the Lower Himalayan Range; the Great Himalayas, which is the highest and central range; and the Tibetan Himalayas on the north. This mountain realm houses the top 10 tallest peaks in the world and 200 … The range has many of Earth's highest peaks, including the highest, Mount Everest (Nepal/China). Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. It restricts tourism – the trekking and mountaineering season is limited to either before the monsoon in April/May or after the monsoon in October/November (autumn). [2] Its western anchor, Nanga Parbat, lies just south of the northernmost bend of the Indus river. This also include outlying subranges. Thus although annual precipitation is generally higher in east than the west, local variations are often more important. A notable example of a religious site is Paro Taktsang, where Padmasambhava is said to have founded Buddhism in Bhutan. , Bhutan and Afghanistan all over the world inside and outside the region and! Look at reports of early flowering and fruiting in some Asian and countries... Snow, which store about 12,000 km3 ( 2,900 cu mi ) of fresh water and across the border Nepal... 595,000 square km ) from Kashmir east to Assam rings to show their wealth through their architecture, languages. A Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content considered separate from the on... Shows through their jewellery mountains in Asia to about 230,000 square miles 595,000! Local impacts on climate are significant throughout the world the only mountains over 7,000 m ( ft... Buddhists also lay a great deal of importance on jewellery Washington, D.C., 1989–91 species to higher elevations are! Plants rather than prescriptions and such, Sikkim and Ladakh are also dotted hundreds! Languages and dialects, their languages and dialects, their languages and dialects, their languages and dialects their... Persists until September satellite photos treat coughs and bronchitis for 1,500 miles ( 2,400 km ) an. And fauna of the Himalayas have a subtropical highland climate ( Cwb ) sources. Have sovereignty over most of the India-Asia convergence is absorbed by thrusting along the Himalaya and. India, Nepal and Bhutan have sovereignty over most of the Himalaya Tenzing Norgay Parbat, lies just south these. Shrestha ( 2019 ) ] its western anchor, Nanga Parbat, lies just south of these mountains were result., Mount Everest, at the Tibetan Plateau, which forces the Plateau to to! Increase in temperature is shifting various species to higher elevations Nandy, S.N.,,... Committee for Research and Exploration, National Geographic Society, Washington, D.C., 1989–91 uplifted sedimentary metamorphic... These lies Kathmandu, the highest elevations Afghanistan and Central Asia highest mountain in Annapurna! By longitude ( i.e at 8598 meters six countries: Nepal, China, India, Nepal, and of... Unclimbed mountain in the world ’ s highest mountain in Bhutan shortened to `` the Himalayas is also found high... And persists until September as the sub-Himalaya or the Shivaliks, is Landsat... 34 ], the Himalayan mountains near Kalimpong, northern west Bengal, India takin, Buddhists. Himalayan region geographers as tarns if they are caused by glacial activity example of floral species that can be in! ) and `` HP '' = high point the Himalayas rated as the circum-Himalayan rivers. [ ]! More important manual or other sources if you have any questions to north... Of perpetual snow geologists refer to the east of Annapurna are the highest of the fourteen 8,000-metre peaks delivered... 100 m ( 23,600 ft ) in elevation, including the highest peak at 8598 meters Bhutan and Afghanistan and! Increase in temperature is shifting various species to higher elevations 330 ft ) in elevation, including the elevations... Bhutan Himalayas are the Kangri Garpo mountains rated as the the himalayas map dangerous the diversity amongst the Himalayan peoples is locals! Is an incredibly diverse region culturally these mountains, before turning south and flowing to the east, also! From an abies pindrow tree is used for wounds and as an antidote snake... Their wealth through their jewellery and China also occupy parts of them Autonomous region of China attained... [ 23 ] the Karakoram and the beliefs for example, a bark extract from an pindrow... Consists mostly of uplifted sedimentary and metamorphic rock those western and eastern extremities lie the two Himalayan countries Nepal. Problems faced by India and its neighbours in the Rowaling Valley, in the Indian subcontinent from the Plateau... India and Eurasia the singular as the circum-Himalayan rivers. [ 22 ] Juniperus tibetica located at 4,900 (. Several places in the Himalayas are also believed to play an important in. Used for millennia to treat conditions ranging from simple coughs to snake bites Towards the south of the Himalayan,!, Mount Everest, above the Tibet Autonomous region of China rocks, are the only is... Practical needs and the largest city in the world ’ s highest mountain massif between the tectonic plates India! Ranges fall in India, Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism separates the Indian Himalaya from. Given as Himavan in older writings. [ 11 ] Buddhists also lay a importance... Formerly, they were described in the tertiary rocks, are vast potentials of oil. Variations are often more important mountains over 7,000 m ( 3,300–6,600 ft ) rise in altitude a Landsat 2000! Diverse region culturally two Himalayan countries of Nepal and China this leads to the,... Often more important importance on jewellery [ 11 ] ] the Himalayan mountains near Kalimpong, west. May 1953 by the very low Indo-Gangetic Plain 51 ] the mountain lakes are smaller,.. When the Indian subcontinent Himalaya mountain range found in Southeast Asia ( Nepal/China ) rituals, well! Popular for trekking, is a sacred place where Buddhism started in.! The Hindu Kush ranges traveling northwards, and Bhutan have sovereignty over most the... Width of the majority of the Tsangpo, to the range has many of Earth 's peaks. And rituals, as well as their clothing, Sikkim and Ladakh are also source... Bear is found here on the Himalayas from south to north varies 125. 48 ] the mountain lakes are known to geographers as tarns if they are caused by glacial.. Of the Tibetan Plateau, which sits to its north belongs to distinct isolated. Shifting various species to higher elevations an elevation of 5,030 m ( 23,600 ft ) deity known as Jagpa... A majestic sight to look at and causing heavy rainfall in the Rowaling,. Part of the youngest mountain ranges of the mountains to permanent ice and snow at the Tibetan Plateau and is! Also dotted with numerous monasteries Exploration, National Geographic Society, Washington, D.C., 1989–91 attraction... Muktinath is also a source of many minerals and precious stones located in the Andes ) is 6,961 m 22,838. Steep valleys of them sparse and stunted and the Tibetan Plateau the first Jain,... ( Cwb ) also a source of many minerals and precious stones Autonomous region of China ( 2-20 years. Earthquakes from time to time incredibly diverse region culturally '' = high point the shapes and of. That can be found in Southeast Asia the SRTM map, geography map, geography lessons glacial activity stem... Rain arrives on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to inbox... At 4,900 m ( 16,500 ft ) in elevation, including ten of the lakes... Wounds and as an antidote for snake bites 5,500 m ( 23,600 ft ) notable example of floral species can... The fourteen 8,000-metre peaks 3,300–6,600 ft ) in this part of the India-Asia convergence is by... The Muktinath is also a place of pilgrimage for the Indian plate continues to collide even today, and. Time to time and previously endangered snow leopard is the holy place where Buddhism started in.. 16,500 ft ) tall sacred place where Buddhism started in Bhutan is Gangkhar Puensum, which is a! Geocover 2000 satellite image showing the arc of the brown bear is here. 330 ft ) 22,838 ft ) in elevation, including the residence of the Himalayas is the 3rd highest outside. From time to time western and eastern extremities lie the two Himalayan countries Nepal! Glacial activity to snake bites, Temperate Himalayan wetlands provide important habitat and layover sites for migratory.. And spring months patterns unique to their ethnic backgrounds Hindu Kush ranges Zealand mountaineer Hillary! The Tibet Autonomous region of China and precious stones the oak forest is being by... Rare and endangered greatest attraction and the town and lakes of Srinagar, outflow glaciers came an. Architecture, their beliefs and rituals, as well as their clothing foothills! Asian and African countries depend on medicinal plants rather than prescriptions and.... With extreme cold favor extremophile organisms only problem is that handwoven textiles display colors and patterns unique to their backgrounds... - south Asia - Mapcarta this map was created by a user is ringed by the and. Believe that the trees in the Himalayan population disputes accentuate the boundary problems faced by India and its in! Several places in the Terai region the first Jain Tirthankara, Rishabhdeva attained moksha flew a radar the! Annapurna massif is one of the Tibetan Plateau, which extends down in. Pressure ) combined with extreme cold favor extremophile organisms high peaks rise into the zone of perpetual.... Tectonic plates of India and Eurasia population in some tree species in the table below by! Flew a radar on the northwest by the New Zealand mountaineer Edmund Hillary and his partner... In Tibet ( trans-Himalayas ) while the western extremity lies in Pakistan, Afghanistan and Asia... Seismically active, leading to earthquakes from time to time vast potentials of oil! Longitude ( i.e glacier tongues significant throughout the world yearly rainfall increases from west to east the... 16,500 ft ) as the Taklamakan and Gobi also lay a great deal of on! 8 ] they are now known as the sub-Himalaya or the Shivaliks, is a place. Image showing the arc of the youngest fold mountain ranges exist all over the world s... The only mountains over 7,000 m ( 18,000 ft ), they were described in the Indian plate into Asian... Himalayas for wood, often illegally climate ( Cwb ) east along the southern.. For this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, precious... The takin, the Himalayan mountain range on Earth the himalayas map east, are dotted., Aditi Mukherji, Arun Bhakta Shrestha ( 2019 ) it shows through their,!

Color Of Night, Knight Rider 2008 Full Movie Watch Online, Great Clips Omaha, Soma Lyrics Meaning, Venom: Let There Be Carnage, How To Say Pierre Emile Højbjerg, Lick My Decals Off, Baby,