Earthquake Seismometer Equations Calculator Earth Science Geology Geophysics Seismology Formulas. of this quake. 15 sec. Measure the scale on your printed map with your ruler in centimeters, and use that to convert your distances in kilometers to centimeters. To find those epicentral distances, seismologists construct travel time curves, which plot distance versus time. recorded at Los Angeles, San Francisco, Salt Lake City, and Albuquerque,
This step was only to introduce travel time graphs and explain that they are constructed and used to find wave velocity or epicentral distance. The deepest drill
Solution: Magnitude = NOT CALCULATED. be used to find either the lag time or the distance to the epicenter. has three prominent wave patterns. The calculated distances for each city
If you found these types of problems difficult to
of an Earthquake? Click on the printer icon in the left corner of the webpage. The point where the circles overlap is the approximate epicenter of the earthquake. PROBLEMS. A new window should open with your map and a scale. Cookies help us deliver our Services. Choose the station that was closest in distance to the earthquake (see the furthest column to the right). The webpage should look like the previous, except now the seismogram displays the records from only one station rather than six stations (which were color coded). the lag time. on Introduction. if that lag time is 30 seconds? S-waves cannot travel through liquids. your answer. (Why? HANDLING MATHEMATICAL CALCULATIONS AND WORD
You can check your approximation by going to: Click on the options wheel in the right hand corner. In other words, if P-waves travel at 4.00 miles per second, and S-waves travel at 2.50 miles per second, and the lag time is 15 seconds, the distance of the earthquake epicenter will be 100 miles. It has been determined by
Dr. Charles Richter and Wood-Anderson seismograph method. this is "10:02 and 9 seconds, AM, Pacific Standard Time"), and S-waves
Please use ONLY your own images. Which is the correct formula
Check that this/these distance(s) match the "Distance to Earthquake" numbers given in deg/km on the webpage for your earthquake. (read
4), draw circles or arcs with a compass, locating the needle point at each
As you will see, the second method works better because it accounts for
Finally, the L-waves ("long" or "Love") arrive. Show how you obtained
Distance = 100 miles X
Using the S-P time, determine the epicentral distance of each station to the earthquake using a travel time curve. B. A student compass (used to draw arcs); they are around $2 at Office Depot. 4. *The sample earthquake estimates 3 minutes 3 seconds (00:03:03) for the S wave at station BCIP and 1 minute 41 seconds for the P wave (00:01:41), so the S … Measure the time that elapses between the arrival of the P (primary) wave and the arrival of the S (secondary) wave to the seismic stations. for helping to predict and prepare for earthquakes - it is also used to
Each of
The key phrase in the word problem is "how long does it take"). Then, check "overlay estimated P wave/ S wave arrival times." Doing this for each station (scaling stations' distances from kilometers to centimeters and drawing circles around them equal in radii to the distances in centimeters) will result in three circles on the map surrounding the stations. To the right you will also see seismograms. The time difference, as recorded on a clock, between when
for the P-waves, and 2.54 miles/second for the S-waves, how long
Rather than print it straight from Google you will need to use a screen capture program to save and print the map, otherwise it will be printed from Google maps without a scale. Vehicle A would take 10 hours to travel 500 miles,
The wave record from a seismograph is known
An earthquake epicenter can be located
if you take the distance, 250 miles; and divide by the speed of each vehicle,
About: I'm an undergraduate at Baylor University studying geology. Image from Purdue University, Copyright 2008 L. Braile. help study the properties of the Earth's interior. to apply here? => 10:02, 64 seconds
Then, do this process one more time to have a total of three S-P times from three different stations. This investigation contains the seismograms from three different stations
To determine the distance of the earthquake epicenter, you can use the steps in the previous section. or "shake"). generated simultaneously by an earthquake at the focus (point of
1) P-waves (also called push-pull or compressional waves),
Considering the cause of earthquakes discussed
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